About Khammam

About Khammam

bhadrachalam

Khammam is the city in Khammam district of the Indian state of Telangana. It is the headquarters of the Khammam district, located in Khammam mandal. It is located about 193 kilometres (120 mi) east of the state capital, Hyderabad. On 19 October 2012, Khammam city was upgraded as municipal corporation, which includes 14 surrounding villages. The river Munneru flows on the western side of the town.  Khammam District is a district in Telangana, India. It had a population of 2,797,370 of which 19.81% were urban as of 2001 census. Khammam city is the district headquarters. The present name of Khammam is derived its name after a local hill, which was called as ‘Stambhadri’. The city was called with different names starting with Stambhadri, Kambhadri, Kambham mettu, Khammam mettu and then finally as Khammam. The Godavari River enters Khammam district from Warangal district and flows nearly 250 km across the district. Khammam district is one of the “Coal mining districts of India.”The district has the Singareni Colleries head town , Kothagudem which is also called “Coal town of South India.” It is currently a part of the Red Corridor. Dummugudem Barrage on River Godavari in Khammam District  Doli Gutta, at 965 m the highest point in Telangana, is located at the northern end of the district.  History  Prehistory  Paleolithic man probably roamed around the areas of lower Godavari valley and the surroundings of Bhadrachalam, Kothagudem, Wyra, Sathupally and Paloncha Taluks in the district. Prehistoric rock paintings were found near Neeladri konda near Lankapalli of Sathupally Taluk.  Megalithic Dolmens were found at Janampet of Pinapaka Taluk. Megalithic site on the campus of Government Degree college in Khammam has yielded pottery and skeletal remains. Kistapuram and Padugonigudem villages in Gundala Taluk of the district were rich in Megalithic cultural remnants explored and discovered recently.  Buddhism  The southern parts of Khammam district flourished as famous Buddhist centers along with Amaravathi and Vijayapuri along the rivulets Munneru, Wyra and Murredu. Important Buddhist sites in the district are Nelakondapalli, Mudigonda, Aswaraopeta and Karukonda near Kothagudem.  Present  The present name of Khammam is said to have been derived from the name of the temple “Narsimhadri,” later “Stamba Sikhari,” and then it was called “Stambadhri,” which has the ancient temple of Narasimha Swamy on its top. This temple is believed to have been existing since Treta Yuga. The vertical rock under the temple is known as ‘KAMBA’ which literally means pillar. The name of the town Khammam has been derived from “Kambam Mettu” to “Kammammet” or “Khammam Mettu” to the present “Khammam city.” The district is also named as Khammam. Narasimhaswami temple  On the other hand, the historical records show that the name was “Kammamet.”  The City is located on the banks of a river called Munneru which is a tributary of the Krishna River. Khammam district has a lot of historical importance in Telangana.  Khammam City, which was the seat of Taluk Administration, was part of the larger Warangal District, until 1 October 1953. Five taluks of the Warangal district viz., Khammam, Madhira, Yellandu, Burgampadu and Paloncha (now Kothagudem) were carved out and a new district Khammam with Khammam as District Headquarters. In 1959 Bhadrachalam Revenue Division consisting Bhadrachalam and Nuguru Venkatapuram Taluks of East Godawari district, which were on the other side of the river Godavari were merged into Khammam on grounds of geographical contiguity and administrative viability.  In 1973 a new taluk with Sathupalli as headquarters was formed carving out from Madhira and Kothagudem taluks. In the year 1976 four new taluks were formed viz., Tirumalayapalem, Sudimalla, Aswaraopeta and Khammam district was initially a part of larger Warangal District.  Freedom movement  History of khammam district shows that it has produced a number of leaders who were part of the Freedom struggle (like Chepuri venkanna) and Telangana Movement (like Annabathula Ravindra Nath); Khammam district was initially a part of larger Warangal District.  1857 – First Independence Movement – Bhadrachalam area 1879 – Rompa Revolution by Pulitanti Sambaiah, Kuru Thimma Dora, Ambul Reddy, Bandala Chandraiah 1920 – Alluri Seetharama Raju Manyam Revolution by Darikonda Venkatappaiah, Chinthalachervu Venkatadri, Kurichati Venkata Subba Rao 1931 – First Independence movement in Khammam proper 1934 – Library Movement. Viraatrayandhra Grandhalayam at Nelakonda-pally was reorganised for movement by Pendyala Satya Narayana Rao. The Library was established in 1912. 1935 – First Library established in Khammam town 1935 – Satyagraha Movement by Pendyala Satya Narayana rao, Peravelli Venkata Ramanaiah, Nedumuri Jagannatha Rao, Pabbaraju Ranga Rao, Sarvadevabhatla Ramadham, Jamalapuram Nizam Movement, Sardar Jamalapuram Keshava Rao, Madapati Ramachandar Rao, Pandit Rudra Dev,Teegala Hanumantha Rao, Miriyala Narayana Reddy, Chandra Lakshmi Narayana, Bachu Simhadri 1938 -Established Palair rytu project under the leadership of Pendyala Satya Narayana Rao 1941 – Freedom movement writers (Darasathi Brothers) 1942 -Established Political schools in many parts of Warangal district by Pendyala Satya Narayana Rao to activate the anti Rytu activities in Jamabandi which was conducted by Patel, Patwari and other officials of Nizam. 1944 – State Congress National Conference at Jujjula-rao-peta held by kankipati Satya Narayan Rao Garu 1944 – Bandi-pattala Movement (Farmers Movement) by Pendyala Satya Narayana Rao, Gangavarapu Sreenivasa Rao, K.L. Narasimha Rao 1945 – 12th State Andhra Mahasabha meeting at Khammam organised by Pendyala Satya Narayana Rao as general secretary, Aahvana sangham. Elected Baddam Ellareddy as president and Pendyala Satya Narayana Rao as vice-president to 13th State Andhra Mahasabha in that meeting. The meeting was held on March,26th,27th and 28th. Puchala-pally Sundaraiah participated in the meeting as guest.Nearly 40,000 people attended the meeting. 1946 – Mahathma Gandhi’s visit to Khammam mett (Khammam town) on 5 August 1946 1946 – Pendyala satyanarayana rao General secretary, Warangal district Andhramaha sabha and communist party attended the All India samshtaan peoples conference on 8 and 9 June at New Delhi as a member of standing committee from the Nizam state.Then the movement takes turn into complete freedom. 1947 August, 7 – Satyagraham at Madhira and Khammam by Jamalapuram Kesava Rao, Kurapati Venkata Raju, Vattikonda Ramakotaiah, Heeralal 1947  Moriya,Teegala Hanumantha Rao, Kolipaka Kishan Rao, Gella Keshava Rao, Pullabhotla Venkateswarlu (Hyderabad congress present)  Post Independence  Khammam town which was the seat of Taluk Administration was a part of the larger Warangal district, till 1 October 1953. Six taluks of the Warangal district viz., Khammam, Madhira, Yellandu, Paloncha, Kothagudem and Burgampadu were carved out as a new district with Khammam as headquarters.  On 1 November 1956, Hyderabad state was dissolved, and Khammam district became part of Andhra Pradesh.  In 1959 Bhadrachalam Revenue Division consisting of Bhadrachalam and Nuguru Venkatapuram Taluks of East Godavari district, which were on the other side of the river Godavari were merged into Khammam on grounds of geographical contiguity and administrative viability. Aswaraopeta was also part of West Godavari District up to 1959. In 1973 a new taluk with Sathupalli as headquarters was carved out from Madhira and Kothagudem taluks. In the year 1976 three new taluks were formed viz., Tirumalayapalem, Aswaraopeta and Manuguru by bifurcating Khammam, Kothagudem and Burgampadu taluks respectively.  In the year 1985, following the introduction of the Mandal system, the district has been divided into 46 mandals, under four Revenue Divisions – Khammam, Kothagudem, Paloncha and Bhadrachalam. In 2014 when Andhra Pradesh was bifurcated, to avoid land constraints in the relief and rehabilitation process for the displaced affected by Polavaram project, seven mandals of Khammam district, were merged with the successor state of Andhra Pradesh.  Bommakanti Satyanarayana (Freedom Fighter, MLA From 1957 to 1962, Warangal DCC Presadent, SR&BGNR Founder). Bommakanti satyanarayana Political Master to P.V.Narshima Rao (Ex PM), Jalangam Vengal Rao (Ex CM), Seelam Siddareddy (Ex Minister). Bommakanti satyanarayana allot Plots, Lands to SC, ST and BC at Bonakal and Madhira Assembly Constitution first time in the State. He is Main cause to form Khammam District. Bommakanti Satyanarayana 1957 to 1962 MLA Madhira INC Bommakanti Satyanarayana Contest as Hyderbad State P.C.C President In 17 January 1954 (opposition: Konda Venkatreddy). 47 MLA support to Bommakanti Satyanarayana in 1955 To formation Visalandhra 47 MLAs under leadership of Bommakanti Satyanarayana meet to Nehru, Radakrishna, Govind Vallab Path, Moulana Azad and demand for Visalandhra in 4th Nov 1955 Bommakanti think he can check Konda Venkat reddy and Chenna Reddy with association of Ayyadevara Kaleshwarao and Andhra Leaders after formation of visalandhra but andhra leader check to Bommakanti Bommakanti….. Praja party members some of Congress men who Opposed sanjiv Reddy leadership as chief Minister to AP State Formed Socilist Democratic Party in 1959, the Convention elected, P.V.G.Rajuas as Chairman  Bommakanti Satyanarayana as General Secretary Chenna Reddy as Legislature Party Leader Strength of the party 41 MLAs and main opposition party In Assembly  On 2 June 2014, Khammam together with nine other districts became the new state of Telangana, which was separated from Andhra Pradesh.  On 11 July 2014, the Lok Sabha approved a bill transferring seven mandals of Khammam district (Kukunoor, Velairpadu, Bhurgampadu, Chintoor, Kunavaram, Vararamachandrapuram and Bhadrachalam) back to Andhra Pradesh, in order to facilitate the Polavaram Irrigation project.  Geography  Khammam district occupies an area of approximately 16,029 square kilometres (6,189 sq mi), comparatively equivalent to Canada’s Bathurst Island.  Khammam is located at 17.25°N 80.15°E.[12] It has an average elevation of 107 metres (351 feet).  Climate  Climate for Khammam Average Weather in Khammam for January Sunlight 9 hours a day Coldest January temperature 12°C Coldest daily temperature 16°C Warmest daily temperature 28°C Warmest January temperature 38°C Discomfort* Moderate Morning Humidity 76% Evening Humidity 45% Rain in January 4 mm  Average Weather in Khammam for February Sunlight 10 hours a day Coldest February temperature 15°C Coldest daily temperature 19°C Warmest daily temperature 29°C Warmest February temperature 40°C Discomfort* Moderate Morning Humidity 67% Evening Humidity 39% Rain in February 9 mm Wet days for February 1 days  Khammam experiences typical Indian climatic conditions. Summer season is hot and the temperatures can climb rapidly during the day. Monsoon season brings certain amount of rainfall and the temperatures gradually reduce during this period. After the onset of the monsoon day temperatures are much lower and as the winter approaches they reduce further.  Summer season is from March and lasts till the end of May. During this time day temperatures are high and can reach 40 °C to 42 °C. Humidity is low as it is not located near the ocean. Conditions are generally dry during this period and the temperatures range from a minimum of 35 °C and can rise up to a maximum of 40 °C to 45 °C. Monsoon season brings much needed relief from the heat. Monsoon seasons are from the months of June to September. Temperatures average around 30 °C during this period. The place gets rain from the South West Monsoon. Some amount of rainfall can be experienced in the October as well. Winter season is from December to February. January is usually the coldest parts of the year. Temperatures range around 28 °C to 34 °C during this time.  During the 2015 India heat wave, Khammam experienced a maximum temperature of 48 °C (118 °F).  Demographics  As of 2011 census, the city had a population of 184,252. The total population constitute, 91,019 males and 93,233 females —a sex ratio of 1025 females per 1000 males. 17,131 children are in the age group of 0–6 years, of which 8,876 are boys and 8,255 are girls —a ratio of 1075 per 1000. The average literacy rate stands at 81.70% with 136,532 literates, significantly higher than the state average of 67.41%.  Culture  Khammam culture is a mixed culture of Telangana and Coastal Andhra. People of Khammam city are well coordinated with East & West Godavari, Krishna. This city is near to Warangal and Vijayawada. Tourist destinations  Khammam Fort, constructed in 950 AD by the Kakatiya Dynasty, is on a hill overlooking the town. Lakaram lake, Khammam city is another tourist attraction. Apart from these there are many places surrounding the town namely Bhadrachalam, Parnasala, Nelakondapalli, Kusumanchi etc.  Transportation  Khammam city has a good road and rail facility. Telangana state transport operates buses to many routes. It is a gateway to northern coastal Andhra (East, West Godavari district & Vizag). The city is located on the link highway (NH-9 & NH-5) which connects Hyderabad City and Rajamundry Town.  Road  Khammam is well connected to major cities and towns in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. Due to the heavy rush in the present bus station, a new bus station is an upcoming plan in the Indira nagar which is to be completed 2012–2013. A new outer ring road (From Yellandu Road to Mallemadugu and Khammam Bypass Road) is also a future plan.  Rail  Khammam is one of the major Railway stations on the NewDelhi<->Chennai Railway line. Khammam railway station is situated on the Kazipet – Vijayawada broad gauge railway line of the South Central Railway at distance of about 100 km from Vijayawada and 259 km from Hyderabad, which connects the City with Hyderabad, Warangal, Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Tirupati and to major cities in India like Kolkata, New Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai.It is a major stop between Vijayawada and Warangal stations. Daily 64 passenger, express, superfast trains stops in khammam railway station. The station has three platforms of which 2 are majorly used for express and passenger trains while the third one is used for goods transport.  Air  The nearest airport is Hyderabad International Airport (208 km). There was a plan to survey locations to build a new airport in Khammam District to connect cities like Hyderabad, Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Chennai and Bengaluru. Education  There are various pharmacy colleges, and MBA, MCA, engineering colleges like Sree Kavitha Engineering College around Khammam city. Mamata Medical College which is also a teaching hospital located in the city.SR & BGNR Degree and PG College also conducts archaeological research on megalithic sites.  Cultural Centers  Bhakta Ramadasu Kala Kshetram, has been a prestigious National theatre, constructed by the Government of Andhra Pradesh in the name of Sri. Bhakta Ramadasu ( Kancherla Gopanna ) was devotee of Sri Rama and composer of carnatic music.  Media  The major Telugu newspapers in city are Sakshi, Eenadu, Andhra Bhoomi, Andhra Prabha, Vaartha, Suryaa, Prajasakti and Vishalandra. The major English newspapers in the city are The Hindu, The Times of India, Deccan Chronicle, The Hindu Business Line, The New Indian Express and The Hans India. Electronic Media include HMTV, ETV and Sakshi. Sports      Sardar Patel Stadium – A stadium with all amenities including sports complex, indoor stadium, swimming pool, cricket net, skating rink, volleyball, basketball and tennis courts. There is a running track around the football pitch.     Pavilion Grounds By Khammam Municipal Corporation     SR & BGNR Grounds

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